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Bariatric Surgery: What You Need to Know

What is Bariatric Surgery?

Bariatric surgery, also called weight loss surgery, helps people lose weight when other methods have not worked. This surgery changes the stomach or small intestine to limit how much food you can eat or absorb. As a result, many people lose weight and improve their health. For example, some surgeries make the stomach smaller, while others change how food moves through the body. According to the CDC, bariatric surgery is a safe and proven way to treat severe obesity. However, it is not a quick fix. You will need to make lasting changes to your lifestyle.

Who is a Candidate for Bariatric Surgery?

Not everyone is a good fit for bariatric surgery. Doctors use certain guidelines to decide who should have this procedure. Usually, you may be a candidate if:

  • Your body mass index (BMI) is 40 or higher.
  • Your BMI is 35 or higher and you have serious health problems, such as diabetes or high blood pressure.
  • Other weight loss methods, like diet and exercise, have not worked.
  • You are ready to make lifelong changes to your eating and activity habits.

    • Still, each person is different. Therefore, a doctor will check your health and talk with you about your options.

    Common Types of Bariatric Surgery

    There are several types of bariatric surgery. Each works in a different way. Some of the most common types include:

  • Gastric Bypass: This surgery makes the stomach smaller and changes how food moves through the body.
  • Gastric Sleeve: The surgeon removes part of the stomach, so you feel full faster.
  • Adjustable Gastric Band: A band is placed around the top of the stomach to limit food intake.
  • Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch: This is a more complex surgery that changes both the stomach and the small intestine.

    • Each type has its own benefits and risks. So, your doctor will help you choose the best option for you.

    Benefits and Risks

    Bariatric surgery offers many benefits. For instance, it can help you lose a lot of weight and lower your risk of serious health problems. Some benefits include:

  • Long-term weight loss
  • Better control of diabetes
  • Lower blood pressure
  • Improved heart health
  • Better quality of life

    • However, there are also risks. Like any surgery, problems can happen. Some risks include:

  • Infection or bleeding
  • Blood clots
  • Nutrient deficiencies
  • Stomach or bowel problems

    • Most people do well, but it is important to talk with your doctor about the risks and benefits. This way, you can make an informed choice.

    The Bariatric Surgery Process

    Preparation

    Before surgery, you will meet with a team of health experts. They will check your health, review your medical history, and explain what to expect. You may need to lose some weight before surgery. Also, you will learn about the changes you must make after surgery.

    Procedure

    The surgery usually takes a few hours. Most people have it done with small cuts and a camera, called laparoscopic surgery. This means less pain and a faster recovery. You will be asleep during the surgery.

    Recovery

    After surgery, you may stay in the hospital for one to three days. You will start with liquids and slowly add soft foods. Most people return to normal activities in two to four weeks. However, you must follow your doctor’s advice for the best results.

    Lifestyle Changes After Surgery

    After bariatric surgery, you will need to make big changes to your daily life. For example, you will eat smaller meals and avoid high-sugar or high-fat foods. You must also take vitamins and minerals every day. In addition, regular exercise is important for keeping the weight off. Support from family, friends, or a group can help you stay on track. Remember, these changes are for life, not just for a few months.

    Tips for Long-Term Success

    Staying healthy after weight loss surgery takes effort. Here are some tips to help you succeed:

  • Follow your doctor’s advice at every step.
  • Eat slowly and chew your food well.
  • Drink plenty of water, but not with meals.
  • Take your vitamins and supplements daily.
  • Exercise most days of the week.
  • Attend follow-up visits with your healthcare team.
  • Seek support when you need it.

    • With these steps, you can enjoy the benefits of bariatric surgery for years to come.

    Frequently Asked Questions

  • Is bariatric surgery safe? Most people have no serious problems. Still, all surgery has risks. Your doctor will explain these to you.
  • How much weight will I lose? Weight loss depends on the type of surgery and your habits. Many people lose 50% or more of their extra weight.
  • Will I need to take vitamins? Yes, you will need to take vitamins and minerals for life to avoid deficiencies.
  • Can the weight come back? Yes, if you do not follow your new eating and exercise plan, you may regain weight.
  • Is bariatric surgery covered by insurance? Some insurance plans cover it if you meet certain rules. Check with your provider for details.

    • If you are thinking about bariatric surgery, talk with a qualified bariatric surgeon. They can help you understand your options and give you advice that fits your needs.