Intestinal Resection Surgery: What It Is, Why It Is Performed, and How It Helps

What is Intestinal Resection?

Intestinal resection is a surgery to remove part of the small or large intestine. Doctors may perform this procedure when a section of the intestine is damaged or diseased. After removing the affected part, the healthy ends are joined together. This surgery helps restore normal digestion and can improve quality of life. Many people recover well after intestinal resection, especially with proper care.

Common Reasons for Intestinal Resection

Doctors may suggest intestinal resection for several reasons. Often, this surgery is needed when other treatments do not work. Some common causes include:

Colon cancer or tumors

Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis

Intestinal blockage or obstruction

Severe infection or injury

Diverticulitis with complications

Dead or damaged bowel tissue

Because these conditions can be serious, early treatment is important.

Symptoms and Signs Leading to Surgery

Many people notice symptoms before needing intestinal resection. For example, you may have:

Severe belly pain

Ongoing diarrhea or constipation

Blood in stool

Unexplained weight loss

Fever or chills

Swelling or bloating

If you notice these signs, it is wise to see a doctor soon. Early care can help prevent further problems.

Diagnosis and Preoperative Evaluation

Doctors use several tests to decide if intestinal resection is needed. First, they ask about your symptoms and medical history. Then, they may order:

Blood tests to check for infection or anemia

Imaging tests like CT scans or X-rays

Colonoscopy to view the inside of the intestine

After these tests, your doctor will discuss the best treatment plan. Sometimes, they may suggest other treatments before surgery.

The Intestinal Resection Procedure: Step-by-Step

Intestinal resection is usually done in a hospital. Here is what you can expect:

First, you will receive anesthesia so you do not feel pain.

The surgeon makes small or large cuts in your belly.

Next, the damaged part of the intestine is removed.

The healthy ends are then joined together. This is called anastomosis.

Finally, the surgeon closes the cuts with stitches or staples.

Sometimes, a temporary opening called a stoma is made. This helps waste leave the body while the intestine heals.

Recovery Process and Aftercare

After intestinal resection, recovery takes time. Most people stay in the hospital for a few days. During this time, doctors watch for signs of infection or other problems. You may get fluids and nutrition through a vein at first. Soon, you will start eating soft foods again. At home, it is important to:

Follow your doctor’s instructions

Take medicines as prescribed

Keep the surgical area clean

Watch for fever, pain, or swelling

Rest and avoid heavy lifting

Because each person heals differently, talk to your doctor about your recovery plan. For more on recovery, see the CDC’s patient care guidelines.

Potential Risks and Complications

Like any surgery, intestinal resection has some risks. However, most people recover without major problems. Possible risks include:

Infection at the surgical site

Bleeding or blood clots

Leakage where the intestine is joined

Bowel blockage or slow healing

Short bowel syndrome if a large section is removed

If you notice severe pain, fever, or changes in bowel habits, contact your doctor right away. Early care can prevent serious issues.

Lifestyle Tips and Long-Term Outlook

After intestinal resection, many people return to normal life. Still, some changes may help you heal better. For example:

Eat small, frequent meals

Drink plenty of water

Choose low-fiber foods at first

Slowly add more fiber as your doctor advises

Stay active but avoid heavy lifting

With good care, most people enjoy a healthy life after surgery. Regular check-ups help spot any new problems early.

Prevention and When to Consult a Doctor

While not all causes of intestinal resection can be prevented, healthy habits may lower your risk. For instance:

Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Stay active and maintain a healthy weight

Avoid smoking and limit alcohol

See your doctor for regular check-ups

If you have ongoing belly pain, blood in your stool, or sudden changes in bowel habits, consult a doctor. Early action can make a big difference.

Consult a specialist for personalized guidance on intestinal resection.